Limodorum abortivum is a threatened rhizomatous orchid species in Azerbaijan. In this study, we investigate the distribution areas of L. abortivum in the Great Caucasus mountains and the Talysh mountains within Azerbaijan, based on field surveys in 2018-2021 years. The potential distribution areas of the species have been clarified using species distribution modeling (SDM). As a result of the model, it was found that the species is expected to occur in areas outside the current areas of occurrence. Seed morphological characteristics of L. abortivum were investigated using binocular stereomicroscopy and light microscope for classification and identification of the species by its seed. Morphological characters included the size and shape of the seeds. Based on the analysis, it was determined that the seed length ranged from 665.4 μm to 1339.6 μm, while the width ranged from 352.5 μm to 399.8 μm. The results of the morphological characteristics of the seeds will be helpful for the identification of L. abortivum species in the future.