The article presents a methodology for applying the hemerobia indicator to assess the level of impact of grazing and recreation on forest, meadow and ruderal phytocoenosis of the territory of the Bashkir State Reserve. It is shown that the use of species hemerobia scales makes it possible to assess the level of anthropogenic load and identify its constituent factors.The paper tests the use of the hemerobia indicator as an estimate of the resulting of anthropogenic impact on the territory. The impact of grazing and recreation on the composition of forest, meadow and ruderal plant communities on the territory of the Bashkir State Reserve was assessed. It has been established that the hemerobicity of communities шncreases in a series of influences: recreation - grazing - trampling. In this series, the share of species with euhemerobic, polyhemerobic components increases and the proportion with oligohemerobic and mesohemerobic components decreases in the spectrum of their anthropotolerance. Factor analysis (principal component analysis) of the hemerobicity spectra of the flora of the test plots showed that the main factors in the formation of plant communities are the complex impact of recreation and grazing, which leads to soil compaction.