The alien flora of Azerbaijan part of the Greater Caucasus (GC) was inventoried. The study was conducted in natural (desert, psammophyte-littoral, steppe, shrub, forest, meadow), as well as anthropogenically disturbed ecosystems of Azerbaijan part of GC. Invasive species of 39 were identified (60.9% of Azerbaijan’s entire alien flora, including 64 species), of which 12 (30.7% of the region’s alien flora) are invasive. The leading families of the invasive flora of the region are Asteraceae Dumort. (11 species, 28%), Poaceae Barnhurt (13 species; 33.3%), Amaranthaceae Juss. (5 species, 12.8%). Data on geographic distribution, places of concentration in the botanical-geographical and admi-nistrative districts of the region, as well as the primary habitats, taxonomic composition, life forms and status of the alien species are presented. Analysis of alien species distribution along the altitudinal belts with respect to the water regime is given. The most optimal height levels of phytoinvasions are 100-600 (700) m a.s.l. The factors affecting the distribution of invasive species in the region were invasion from neighboring regions and climate change. The migration routes of invasive species to the territory of the Azerbaijan part of the Greater Caucasus are considered. It has been found that the majority of invasive species are concentrated in the botanical and geographical districts bordering with Russia and Georgia, from where they penetrate into Azerbaijan. Especially ten species (17,4%) are quickly settled and have a high reproductive potential: Acalipha australis, Amaranthus retroflexus, Ambrosia artemisiifolia, Ailanthus altissima, Erygeron canadensis, Erigeron bonariensis, Phytolacca americana, Phalacroloma annuum, Robinia pseudoacacia, Xanthium strumarium, Xanthium spinosum. Areas of concentration of invasive species and phytocenoses in which they grow are identified. Analysis of the status of invasions showed that at the moment representatives of the alien flora are only beginning to become more active in the region and the first measure to control them is periodic monitoring. The article also covers some historical aspects of the penetration of alien species in the Caucasus.